VTU Notes | 18EC36 | POWER ELECTRONICS & INSTRUMENTATION

VTU Module - 5 | Programmable Logic Controller

Module-5

4.9
2018 Scheme | ECE Department

Created by VtuNotes.in
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5 Modules

18EC36 | POWER ELECTRONICS & INSTRUMENTATION | Module-5 VTU Notes

Summary:

A Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is a specialized digital computer used in industrial automation and control systems. This concept explores the fundamental aspects of PLCs, including their structure, operation, relays, and registers.

1. Structure of PLC:

PLCs consist of a central processing unit (CPU) that acts as the brain of the controller.
Input and output (I/O) modules connect the PLC to sensors and actuators in the field.
Memory modules store the program and data.
Communication ports facilitate data exchange with other devices.

2. Operation of PLC:

PLCs execute a control program written in a specialized programming language (typically ladder logic or function block diagrams).

The program defines the logic and sequence of operations to control machinery or processes.
PLCs continuously scan the program, updating outputs based on inputs and program logic.
Real-time operation ensures precise control and rapid response to changing conditions.

3. Relays in PLC:

Relays in a PLC mimic the behavior of traditional electromechanical relays.
They provide electrical isolation between the control system and field devices.
Relays can be used for on/off control and logical operations.
Relays are crucial for implementing safety interlocks and control logic.

4. Registers in PLC:

Registers are memory locations within the PLC used to store data temporarily.
Types of registers include input registers (for holding input data), output registers (for output data), and internal registers (for temporary calculations).
Register values can be manipulated using arithmetic and logical operations in the control program.

In summary, a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is a versatile device used in industrial settings to automate and control various processes. Understanding its structure, operation, relays, and registers is essential for engineers and technicians working in the field of automation and control systems.

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