VTU Notes | 18CS34 | COMPUTER ORGANIZATION

Basic Processing Unit

Module-5

4.9
2018 Scheme | CSE Department

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5 Modules

18CS34 | COMPUTER ORGANIZATION | Module-5 VTU Notes

VTU | 18CS34 | Module - 5

Basic Processing Unit, Execution Control, and Organization

The Basic Processing Unit (BPU) is the heart of a computer system, responsible for executing instructions and managing various operations. This summary delves into fundamental BPU concepts, instruction execution, multiple bus organization, and control mechanisms, including hard-wired and microprogrammed control.

Fundamental Concepts:

The Basic Processing Unit (BPU) comprises the Central Processing Unit (CPU) and memory. It processes instructions, performs data manipulation, and manages system functions.

Execution of a Complete Instruction:

Instruction execution involves several phases: fetch (retrieve instruction from memory), decode (interpret the instruction), execute (perform the operation), and store (write results back to memory or registers).

Multiple Bus Organization:

Buses are communication pathways used for data, address, and control signal transfer. A multiple bus organization separates buses for different types of data, enhancing data throughput and system efficiency.

Hard-wired Control:

Hard-wired control uses physical circuitry to execute instructions. It employs combinational logic circuits to decode instructions and generate control signals for various CPU components.

Microprogrammed Control:

Microprogrammed control uses microcode, a sequence of microinstructions stored in control memory, to control instruction execution. This approach offers flexibility and easier modification of control logic compared to hard-wired control.

Understanding these concepts is essential for comprehending how a computer's central processing unit functions. The execution of instructions involves intricate interactions between memory, data manipulation, and control signals. The organization of buses and control mechanisms like hard-wired and microprogrammed control dictates the efficiency and flexibility of the BPU. This knowledge is foundational for designing, optimizing, and troubleshooting computer systems, enabling them to perform a wide range of tasks effectively.